MySql安裝教程
責編：admin ｜2015-01-29 12:55:13
一、下載Mysql
http：//mirrors.sohu.com/ —-搜狐開源鏡像站
http：//mirrors.163.com/ —-網易開源鏡像站
[root@localhost src]# pwd
/usr/local/src
[root@localhost src]# wget http：//mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
–2015-01-06 22：30：03– http：//mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
Resolving mirrors.sohu.com… 119.188.36.70
Connecting to mirrors.sohu.com|119.188.36.70|：80… connected.
HTTP request sent， awaiting response… 200 OK
Length： 24023347 (23M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to： “mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz”
100%[======================================>] 24，023，347 690K/s in 56s
2015-01-06 22：30：58 (422 KB/s) – “mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz” saved [24023347/24023347]
二、解剛才下載的Mysql包
[root@localhost src]# ll
total 23464
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 24023347 Nov 5 2013 mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf mysql-5.1.73.tar.gz
三、創建Mysql用戶和組
[root@localhost src]# groupadd -g 400 mysql
[root@localhost src]# useradd -M -u 400 -g 400 -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[root@localhost src]# id mysql
uid=400(mysql) gid=400(mysql) groups=400(mysql)
四、編譯安裝MySQL
[root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.1.73
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73 –with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/tmp/mysql.sock –localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/data –enable-assembler –enable-thread-safe-client –with-mysqld-user=mysql –with-big-tables –without-debug –with-pthread –with-extra-charsets=complex –with-readline –with-ssl –with-embedded-server –enable-local-infile –with-plugins=partition，innobase –with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static –with-client-ldflags=-all-static
./configure的最后提示信息，出現以下信息表示正確
Thank you for choosing MySQL！
Remember to check the platform specific part of the reference manual
for hints about installing MySQL on your platform.
Also have a look at the files in the Docs directory.
錯誤：checking for termcap functions library… configure： error： No curses/termcap library found
解決：[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y ncurses-devel
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# make
make結束后的提示信息如下：
make[1]： Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/server-tools'
Making all in win
make[1]： Entering directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'
make[1]： Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[1]： Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# make install
make install結束后的提示信息如下：
make[2]： Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'
make[1]： Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.73/win'
五、拷貝配置文件及啟動腳本
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chkconfig –add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# chkconfig –list mysqld
mysqld 0：off 1：off 2：on 3：on 4：on 5：on 6：off
六、做符號鏈接，便于訪問
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.1.73/ /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql-5.1.73]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：55 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：54 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：54 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 share
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 sql-bench
七、進行mysql初始化
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
150107 0：15：52 [Warning] '–skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use '–skip-external-locking' instead.
OK
Filling help tables…
150107 0：15：53 [Warning] '–skip-locking' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use '–skip-external-locking' instead.
OK
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：55 bin
drwx——. 4 mysql root 4096 Jan 7 00：15 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：54 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jan 6 23：54 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 share
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jan 7 00：08 sql-bench
八、設置目錄屬主
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
九、以腳本方式進行啟動
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &
[1] 53830
[root@localhost mysql]# 150107 00：18：37 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err'.
150107 00：18：37 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
—回車
十、連接數據庫
[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ； or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version： 5.1.73-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000， 2013， Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help；' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases；
+——————–+
| Database |
+——————–+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| test |
+——————–+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
十一、優化mysql命令路徑
[root@localhost mysql]# echo "export PATH=$PATH：/usr/local/mysql/bin/">>/etc/profile
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile
編譯選項詳解：
–prefix=/usr/local/mysql ———-設定mysql安裝路徑
–with-unix-socket-path=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock —-設定mysql socket文件存放目錄
–localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data –設定mysql的數據文件存放位置
–enable-assembler —–允許匯編模式（優化性能），使用一些字符函數的匯編版本
–with-mysqld-ldflag=-all-static —服務器使用靜態庫（優化性能），服務器端鏈接參數，本文示例為指定靜態編譯mysql服務器，（靜態鏈接提高13%性能）
–with-client-ldflag=-all-static —客戶端使用靜態庫（優化性能），客戶端鏈接參數，本文示例為指定靜態編譯mysql客戶端，（靜態鏈接提高13%性能）
–enable-thread-safe-client –以線程方式編譯客戶端
–with-mysqld-user=mysql –指定mysql運行的系統用戶
–with-big-tables —-在32位平臺上支持大于4G行的表
–without-debug —使用非debug模式
–with-pthread –強制使用pthread線程序庫編譯
–with-extra-charsets=complex –服務器需要支持的字符集，有三種可能的值：空格間隔的一系列字符集名；complex ，包括不能動態裝載的所有字符集；all，將所有字符集包括進二進制
-with-readline
–with-ssl —-啟用SSL支持
-with-embedded-server —編譯embedded-server，構建嵌入式MySQL庫
–enable-local-infile —–讓mysql支持從本地文件導入數據庫
–with-plugins=partition，innobase —-MySQL服務器端支持的存儲引擎組件(默認為空)，可選值較多：
partition：MySQL Partitioning Support；
daemon_example：This is an example plugin daemon；
ftexample：Simple full-text parser plugin；
archive：Archive Storage Engine；
blackhole：Basic Write-only Read-never tables；
csv：Stores tables in text CSV format，強制安裝；
example：Example for Storage Engines for developers；
federated：Connects to tables on remote MySQL servers；
heap：Volatile memory based tables，強制安裝；
ibmdb2i：IBM DB2 for i Storage Engine；
innobase：Transactional Tables using InnoDB；
innodb_plugin：Transactional Tables using InnoDB；
myisam：Traditional non-transactional MySQL tables，強制安裝；
myisammrg：Merge multiple MySQL tables into one，強制安裝；
ndbcluster：High Availability Clustered tables；）